Elevators are an integral part of modern life, transporting millions of people daily in high-rise buildings, including residential apartments and offices. However, behind their smooth operation lies a complex system of cables, pulleys, and safety mechanisms. To ensure passenger safety and to keep the elevator system functioning optimally, regular maintenance is essential.
Furthermore, a study by the Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR) indicates that incidents involving elevators and escalators cause nearly 17,000 serious injuries and 30 fatalities every year in the United States. When routine elevator maintenance is neglected or performed inadequately, the consequences can be catastrophic. In this article, we explore how faulty maintenance can compromise elevator safety and how to prevent such.
10 Ways Faulty Maintenance Can Compromise Safety and Lead to Elevator Accidents
Here are different areas where faulty elevator maintenance often undermines safety and leads to elevator accidents:
Lack of Regular Safety Inspections
The lack of routine safety inspection of the elevator system is a fundamental maintenance issue. Under the ASME safety code, a comprehensive inspection of the system is required annually. Likewise, minor check-ups should be carried out on a quarterly basis. However, many negligent building owners and managers often stretch inspection intervals to over three years. Hence, the elevator system must be inspected regularly to ensure safe operation.
Inadequate Lubrication of Components
Elevator components, such as gears, pulleys, and guide rails, require proper lubrication to ensure smooth operation. Without this, friction increases. Thus, leading to premature wear and tear. Over time, this can cause sudden malfunctions, abrupt stops, or jolts. Similarly, a lack of lubrication or the use of the wrong lubricants can lead to accelerated wear, high forces, entanglements, and breakdowns. Therefore, proper lubrication at recommended intervals is crucial.
Worn-out Cables and Ropes
Elevator cables and ropes bear immense loads daily. Over time, these ropes and cables may weaken, fray, or corrode. If the cable snaps, the elevator cabin can plummet, causing a catastrophic accident. For this reason, regular inspections and timely replacement of worn-out cables and ropes are crucial to prevent such calamities.
Failure to Service Braking Systems and Safety Devices
Furthermore, brakes are a critical safety system in the elevator. Likewise, safety devices, such as emergency brakes and overspeed governors, prevent free falls and ensure controlled stops during emergencies. Surprisingly, many building owners and managers often neglect servicing brake shoes, safety systems, fluids, cables, and emergency failsafe until they fail. To mitigate potential risks, servicing the braking systems and safety devices must be prioritized in the maintenance plans.
Disregarding Misaligned Doors and Door Components
What’s more, elevator doors have several parts, including rollers and sensors, that are prone to wear and alignment issues. When the door becomes misaligned due to faulty sensors or worn-out rollers, they can trap passengers. Thereby causing violent closures, injuries, entrapment hazards, or psychological trauma. For this reason, routine checks and adjustments are essential to prevent such incidents.
Ignoring Aging Components
Just like every other mechanism, the elevator components age. Motors, control panels, and buttons deteriorate over time. At some point, full control panel replacements and refits may be required. However, many building owners avoid costly upgrades and continue running the old lift systems until they fail. To ensure that the elevator is reliable and safe, regular upgrades and replacements of aging components must be done.
Skipping Inspections or Deferring Needed Repairs
As mentioned earlier, routine inspection of the elevator system is imperative to identify potential issues before they escalate. Skipping inspections might set off a dangerous chain reaction. A minor glitch can snowball into a major malfunction, which can endanger all passengers. Even when worn parts that need repair or replacement are identified during inspections, owners often defer the work to save money.
Unfortunately, allowing identified maintenance issues to persist is negligent and risky. For this reason, inspection must be done at regular intervals to identify issues. Once such problems are detected, the building owner or manager must schedule strict repair deadlines to fix the issue quickly.
Overlooked Electrical Systems
Additionally, elevators rely on intricate electrical systems for smooth operation. Faulty wiring, worn-out switches, or power surges can disrupt this delicate balance. An electrical glitch can cause disruption in the elevator operation. The door may refuse to open or close properly, thereby trapping passengers or leaving them stranded. Regular checks must be done to identify and rectify electrical-related issues before they escalate.
Using Unlicensed or Untrained Technicians
Inadequately trained technicians pose major risks with improper servicing of the elevator system. When technicians are unlicensed or untrained, they may overlook critical details or misdiagnose problems. Likewise, they can compromise safety codes or void warranties, leaving building owners responsible for repair costs. For this reason, maintenance personnel and technicians must receive proper training. This will help ensure up-to-date knowledge, competence, and adherence to safety protocols.
Budget Constraints
Lastly, many building owners and managers may choose to cut corners on maintenance to save costs. Unknown to them, this is a grave mistake that can have severe repercussions, especially when it comes to elevator safety. Cutting corners on maintenance may result in electrocution, counterweight issues, unsecured shafts, elevator falls, and frequent breakdowns. Essentially, the price of negligence far outweighs the savings. Thus, investing in thorough maintenance can help prevent potential risks, accidents, liability, and lawsuits.
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Final Thoughts
Elevator accidents due to poor maintenance often lead to devastating physical and financial consequences. Nonetheless, they are generally preventable. Building owners and managers must prioritize routine maintenance to ensure the safe and smooth operation of their elevator systems. In the event that an elevator accident occurs due to faulty or inadequate maintenance, the building owner may be held accountable by the injured person.
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